Erythema multiforme
☆ Kwiziphumo zika-2022 ze-Stiftung Warentest ezivela eJamani, ukwaneliseka kwabathengi ngeModelDerm bekungaphantsi kancinci kunokubonisana nge-telemedicine ehlawulweyo.
Erythema multiforme minor ― Qaphela ukuba amaziko ezilonda anokugqabhuka.
Urticaria inokuqwalaselwa kwakhona njengoxilongo oluhlukileyo.
References
Erythema multiforme (EM) yimeko apho amabala ahlukileyo ekujoliswe kuwo avela eluswini nakwinwebu zemifinya ngenxa yokusabela komzimba. Nangona kudla ngokubangelwa zizifo zentsholongwane, ngakumbi i-herpes simplex virus (HSV) , okanye amayeza athile, isizathu asisaziwa kwiimeko ezininzi. Ukunyanga i-EM ebukhali kugxile ekunciphiseni iimpawu usebenzisa i-creams equkethe i-steroids okanye i-antihistamines. Ukulawula i-EM ephindaphindiweyo iyasebenza kakhulu xa ilungiselelwe isigulane ngasinye. Iindlela zokuqala zibandakanya unyango lomlomo kunye nolonyango. Ezi ziquka i-corticosteroids kunye namayeza e-antiviral. Unyango lwangaphakathi lubandakanya iikhrimu ze-steroid ezomeleleyo kunye nezisombululo kwiinwebu ezichaphazelekileyo. Kwizigulane ezingaphenduliyo kwii-antivirals, ukhetho lodidi lwesibini lubandakanya amachiza akhusela umzimba, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, anthelmintics, kunye ne-antimalarials.
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubumnene erythema multiforme buhamba yodwa phakathi kweeveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4. I-Stevens-Johnson syndrome, imeko enzima echaphazela i-mucous membranes, inokuhlala kwiiveki ze-6. Iisteroids aziqhelekanga ukucetyiswa kwiimeko ezincinci. Ingaba i-steroids kufuneka isetyenziswe kwi-erythema multiforme enzima akuqinisekanga kuba akukho ziphumo zicacileyo ezivela kwizifundo ezingahleliwe ezibonisa ukuba ngabaphi abantwana abanokuxhamla kolu nyango.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.
Sibonisa imeko yomlomo erythema multiforme (EM) ebangelwa TMP/SMX , ebonisa izilonda zomlomo kunye nemilebe eqhelekileyo ngaphandle kwezilonda zolusu. Oku kugxininisa imfuneko yokuyahlula kwezinye izigulo zezilonda zomlomo. Isigulane safumana unyango lweempawu kunye neepilisi ze-prednisolone, ezikhokelela ekuphuculeni emva kokuyeka unyango lwe-TMP / SMX.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.
Erythema multiforme yindlela yokusabela ebandakanya ulusu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-mucosa, ebangelwa yi-immune system. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kubonakala njengezilonda ezijoliswe kuzo, ezinokubonakala zizimeleyo, ziphinde zenzeke, okanye ziqhube. Ezi zilonda zihlala zichaphazela isiphelo, ngakumbi umphezulu wazo ongaphandle. Oyena nobangela uquka usulelo olufana nentsholongwane ye-herpes simplex kunye neMycoplasma pneumoniae, kunye namayeza athile, ugonyo, kunye nezifo ezizimelayo. Ukwahlula erythema multiforme kwi-urticaria kuxhomekeke kwixesha lezilonda; erythema multiforme amanxeba ahlala elungisiwe kangangeentsuku ezisixhenxe, ngelixa izilonda ze-urticaria zihlala ziphela ngosuku. Nangona kuyafana, kubalulekile ukwahlula erythema multiforme kwisifo sikaStevens-Johnson esinamandla, esibonisa ubukhulu becala erythematous okanye purpuric macules enamadyunguza. Ukulawula erythema multiforme kubandakanya ukukhululeka kweempawu kunye ne-topical steroids okanye i-antihistamines kunye nokujongana nonobangela osisiseko. Kwiimeko eziphindaphindiweyo ezinxulumene ne-herpes simplex virus, unyango lwe-prophylactic antiviral luyacetyiswa. Ukubandakanyeka okukhulu kwe-mucosal kunokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele ukuze kufakwe i-intravenous fluids kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-electrolyte.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.
Imeko iyahluka ukusuka kwirhashalala epholileyo, ezimeleyo ukuya kwifomu eyingozi, ebeka ubomi esichengeni eyaziwa ngokuba yi-erythema multiforme enkulu ekwabandakanya i-mucous membranes. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-membrane ye-mucous okanye ubukho be-bulla yimpawu ezibalulekileyo zobunzima.
- Erythema multiforme minor: iithagethi eziqhelekileyo okanye eziphakanyisiweyo, iipapules ezine-edema ezisasazwa ngokuvakalayo
Ifomu ephakathi idla ngokurhawuzelelwa kancinci (kodwa ukurhawuzelelwa kunokuba nzima kakhulu), amabala apinki-bomvu, alungelelaniswe ngokulinganayo kwaye aqala emacaleni. Isisombululo se-rash ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezi-7-10 yinto eqhelekileyo kule ndlela yesifo.
- Erythema multiforme major: iithagethi eziqhelekileyo okanye eziphakanyisiweyo, iipapules ezine-edematous ezisasazwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokubandakanyeka kwenwebu enye okanye ngaphezulu. I-epidermal detachment ibandakanya ngaphantsi kwe-10% yendawo yonke yomzimba.
○ Unyango ― OTC Amachiza
Ukuba ihamba kunye nomkhuhlane (ukunyuka kobushushu bomzimba), kucetyiswa ukuba utyelele esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
Amachiza arhanelekayo kufuneka apheliswe. (umzekelo, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, amayeza achasene nokudumba)
I-antihistamines yomlomo efana ne-cetirizine kunye ne-loratadine yokulunywa.
#Cetirizine [Zytec]
#LevoCetirizine [Xyzal]
#Loratadine [Claritin]